超越来源与贸易：东南亚与中国出土地中海器物的再思考

Beyond Origins and Trade: Rethinking Mediterranean Objects in Southeast Asia and China

时间：2026年3月11日18:30-20:30

地点：红五楼5201室

主讲：Krisztina Hoppál（可茉, 罗兰大学罗马世界与远东研究组）

主持：彭明浩（北京大学考古文博学院副院长）

随着东南亚与中国考古研究的不断深入，越来越多被认为来自地中海地区的遗物进入学术视野，并引发日益广泛的关注。传统研究通常将这些器物解读为远距离贸易的证据或外来奢侈品的象征，但其所处的社会与文化语境却常常被忽视或过度简化。

本报告认为对东南亚与中国出土的来自地中海地区的器物应当采取一种更为细致和多维的研究视角，不再仅将其视为贸易联系的物证，而是将其置于地方社会与跨区域文化互动的动态网络中加以理解。通过对一组精选考古材料的研究，报告将考察其物质特征、流通方式及出土背景，从而评估这些遗物所反映的互动性质——究竟是直接接触，还是经由多个区域网络中介间接传播的结果。

本研究将技术—风格分析与基于接受理论的研究框架相结合，超越了以贸易或“丝绸之路”为中心的单一解释模式。研究强调，地中海器物在地方社会中并非被简单地接受，而是在再诠释与再语境化的过程中被赋予新的意义，揭示了地中海、南亚、东南亚与中国之间多层次、多路径的文化互动机制。

此外，本报告还将反思过度依赖文献资料来重建东西方联系的研究路径，强调物质文化本身在理解古代交流网络中的独立性与不可替代性。本研究并不追求建立一份全面的目录式梳理，而是选取一系列具有重要研究潜力的案例，呈现古代欧亚大陆跨文化互动过程的复杂性与多样性。

Concomitant with the intensification of archaeological research in Southeast Asia and China, an increasing number of objects identified as being of Mediterranean origin have attracted growing scholarly attention. These artefacts have traditionally been interpreted primarily as indicators of long-distance trade or as exotic luxury items. However, their social and cultural contexts have often been overlooked or oversimplified.

This presentation argues for a more nuanced approach to Mediterranean-origin objects found in Southeast Asia and China, situating them within local and interregional cultural dynamics rather than treating them solely as evidence of trade connections. Focusing on a selected corpus of archaeological finds, it examines their material characteristics, modes of circulation, and contextual associations in order to assess the nature of the interactions they reflect—whether direct, or indirect mediated through multiple regional networks.

By integrating techno-stylistic analysis with a reception-oriented theoretical framework, this study moves beyond narrowly trade-focused or Silk Road–centred interpretations. It highlights how Mediterranean objects were received, adapted, recontextualised, and assigned new meanings within local societies, revealing diverse and layered processes of cultural interaction across the Mediterranean, South Asia, Southeast Asia, and China.

The presentation also addresses the limitations of relying predominantly on written sources for reconstructing East–West connections, emphasising the independent and indispensable role of material culture in understanding ancient networks of exchange. Rather than offering a comprehensive catalogue, it foregrounds a range of case studies with significant untapped research potential, demonstrating the complexity and variability of cross-cultural processes in ancient Eurasia.

主讲人简介：

可茉博士现任匈牙利罗兰大学“罗马世界与远东研究组”组长，主要研究方向为古代中国与罗马关系、古代跨文化交流、帝国间联系、长距离贸易，以及东南亚和中国考古学。